District of Columbia

State

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2022 Population

670,587

1.84% 1-year decline

2022 Median Age

34.8

1.46% 1-year increase

2022 Poverty Rate

15.1%

2.2% 1-year decrease

2022 Median Household Income

$101,722

8.74% 1-year growth

2022 Median Property Value

$705,000

10.9% 1-year growth

2022 Employed Population

356,952

1.11% 1-year decline

About

In 2022, District of Columbia had a population of 671k people with a median age of 34.8 and a median household income of $101,722. Between 2021 and 2022 the population of District of Columbia declined from 683,154 to 670,587, a −1.84% decrease and its median household income grew from $93,547 to $101,722, a 8.74% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in District of Columbia are Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (43.5%), White (Non-Hispanic) (36.3%), Other (Hispanic) (4.05%), Asian (Non-Hispanic) (3.95%), and Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (3.94%).

17.5% of the households in District of Columbia reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

93.1% of the residents in District of Columbia are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in District of Columbia are George Washington University (9,285 degrees awarded in 2022), Georgetown University (7,598 degrees), and American University (4,493 degrees).

In 2022, the median property value in District of Columbia was $705,000, and the homeownership rate was 41.4%.

Most people in District of Columbia drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 30.5 minutes. The average car ownership in District of Columbia was 1 car per household.

District of Columbia borders Maryland and Virginia.

Photo by Nicolas Raymond

United States

Population & Diversity

District of Columbia is home to a population of 671k people, from which 93.1% are citizens. As of 2022, 13.3% of District of Columbia residents were born outside of the country (89.2k people).

In 2022, there were 1.2 times more Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) residents (292k people) in District of Columbia than any other race or ethnicity. There were 244k White (Non-Hispanic) and 27.2k Other (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary langauge in households in District of Columbia are Spanish (57,647 households), French (Incl. Cajun) (8,505 households), and Amharic, Somali, or Other Afro-Asiatic Languages (6,951 households).

Population & Diversity

Population by Location

Sex

RACE/ETHNICITY

The 3 PUMAS with the highest resident population

District of Columbia (East) PUMA, DC
140,453
District of Columbia (North) PUMA, DC
110,963
District of Columbia (Northeast) PUMA, DC
108,672

In 2022 there were 670,587 residents in District of Columbia.

The Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMA) with the highest resident population were Lauderdale, Colbert & Franklin Counties PUMA, AL (180,852 people), Limestone County PUMA, AL (107,704 people), and Morgan & Lawrence Counties--Decatur City PUMA, AL (156,100 people).

The following map shows all of the states in District of Columbia colored by the resident population.

Residents by Gender and Age

RACE/ETHNICITY

349,863

Women

52.2%

320,724

Men

47.8%

The resident population of United States in 2022 was 670,587 inhabitants, with 47.8% men, and 52.2% women.

The visualization shows the distribution of the residents by gender and age in the United States.

With the upper buttons you can add a filter by race.

Citizenship

93.1%

2022 Citizenship

92.8%

2021 Citizenship

As of 2022, 93.1% of District of Columbia residents were US citizens, which is lower than the national average of 93.5%. In 2021, the percentage of US citizens in District of Columbia was 92.8%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in District of Columbia compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in District of Columbia

Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
292k ± 1.81k
White (Non-Hispanic)
244k ± 961
Other (Hispanic)
27.2k ± 2.16k

11.5%

Hispanic Population

77.2k people

11.5% of the people in District of Columbia are hispanic (77.2k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in District of Columbia as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

El Salvador
10,803 ± 2,531 people
Ethiopia
6,576 ± 1,981 people
China
3,531 ± 1,455 people

In 2022, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of District of Columbia was El Salvador, the natal country of 10,803 District of Columbia residents, followed by Ethiopia with 6,576 and China with 3,531.

Foreign-Born Population

13.3%

2022 Foreign-Born Population

89.2k people

13.5%

2021 Foreign-Born Population

92.2k people

As of 2022, 13.3% of District of Columbia residents (89.2k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.6%. In 2021, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in District of Columbia was 13.5%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in District of Columbia compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Non-English Households

Most Common Non-English Languages

Spanish
57,647 households (9.16%)
French (Incl. Cajun)
8,505 households (1.35%)
Amharic, Somali, or Other Afro-Asiatic Languages
6,951 households (1.1%)

17.5% of the households in District of Columbia reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is lower than the national average of 21.7%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

In 2022, the most common non-English language spoken in households in District of Columbia was Spanish. 9.16% of the households in District of Columbia reported speaking Spanish at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Gulf War (2001-)
7,590 ± 662
Vietnam
5,525 ± 708
Gulf War (1990s)
2,486 ± 425

District of Columbia has a large population of military personnel who served in Gulf War (2001-), 1.37 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

The economy of District of Columbia employs 357k people. The largest industries in District of Columbia are Management, scientific & technical consulting services (22,782 people), Civic, social, advocacy organizations, & grantmaking & giving services (20,124 people), and National security & international affairs (18,190 people), and the highest paying industries are Not specified manufacturing industries ($344,452), Legal services ($237,726), and Drugs, sundries, & chemical & allied products merchant wholesalers ($218,976).

Males in District of Columbia have an average income that is 1.19 times higher than the average income of females, which is $107,599. The income inequality in District of Columbia (measured using the Gini index) is 0.438, which is lower than than the national average.

Employment

Workforce Diversity

Measure

RACE/ETHNICITY

192,428

Women

52.3%

175,769

Men

47.7%

The workforce of District of Columbia in 2020 was 368,197 people, with 52.3% woman, and 47.7% men.

The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in District of Columbia.

With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

Workforce and Wage by Location

Measure

RACE/ETHNICITY

In 2022 there were 356,952 people working in District of Columbia. The Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMA) that concentrated the largest workforce were Lauderdale, Colbert & Franklin Counties PUMA, AL (76,240 people), Limestone County PUMA, AL (50,166 people), and Morgan & Lawrence Counties--Decatur City PUMA, AL (63,996 people).

The following map shows all of the PUMAs in District of Columbia colored by workforce or average wage.

With the upper buttons you can see the yearly change and add a filter by race.

Occupations

357k

2022 Value

−1.11%

1 Year decline

± −1.11%

From 2021 to 2022, employment in District of Columbia declined at a rate of −1.11%, from 361k employees to 357k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in District of Columbia, are Lawyers, & judges, magistrates, & other judicial workers (24,756 people), Other managers (20,066 people), and Management analysts (13,729 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of District of Columbia.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

357k

2022 Value

−1.11%

1 Year decline

± −1.11%

From 2021 to 2022, employment in District of Columbia declined at a rate of −1.11%, from 361k employees to 357k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in District of Columbia, are Management, scientific & technical consulting services (22,782 people), Civic, social, advocacy organizations, & grantmaking & giving services (20,124 people), and National security & international affairs (18,190 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of District of Columbia, though some of these residents may live in District of Columbia and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$87,835

Median earning men ± $1,962

$76,249

Median earning women ± $1,228

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2022 are Manufacturing ($128,531), Public Administration ($122,976), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($115,323).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2022 are Manufacturing ($115,856), Public Administration ($110,673), and Professional, Scientific, & Management, & Administrative & Waste Management Services ($91,309).

Establishments by Size

The industries with the most establishments

18,350
Educational Services, Health Care & Social Assistance
15,712
Professional, Scientific & Management, and Administrative & Waste Management Services
12,138
Other Services, Except Public Administration

The visualization shows the distribution of establishments by industry and by size according to the number of employees.

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from District of Columbia to other states, or from other states to District of Columbia.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2023, the top outbound District of Columbia product (by dollars) was Pharmaceuticals with $2.72B, followed by Electronics ($1.72B) and Basic chemicals ($1.12B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for District of Columbia.

$13.3B

2023 Value in District of Columbia

$24.4B

Projected 2050 Value in District of Columbia

83.4% growth

In 2023, total outbound District of Columbia trade was $13.3B. This is expected to increase 83.4% to $24.4B by 2050.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from District of Columbia to other states, or from other states to District of Columbia.

Most Common Trade Partners

Virginia
$1.8B
Delaware
$1.59B
Maryland
$1.49B

In 2023, the top outbound District of Columbia domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Virginia with $1.8B, followed by Delaware with $1.59B and Maryland and $1.49B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that District of Columbia shares with each state (excluding itself).

Education

In 2022, universities in District of Columbia awarded 30,117 degrees. The student population of District of Columbia in 2022 is skewed towards women, with 37,396 male students and 62,466 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in District of Columbia are White (12,707 and 47.8%), followed by Black or African American (5,985 and 22.5%), Hispanic or Latino (2,823 and 10.6%), and Asian (2,362 and 8.89%).

The largest universities in District of Columbia by number of degrees awarded are George Washington University (9,285 and 30.8%), Georgetown University (7,598 and 25.2%), and American University (4,493 and 14.9%).

The most popular majors in District of Columbia are General Business Administration & Management (2,243 and 7.45%), International Relations & Affairs (2,205 and 7.32%), and Law (1,889 and 6.27%).

The median tuition costs in District of Columbia are $41,812 for private four year colleges, and $5,292 and $12,144 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University

Measure

In 2022 in District of Columbia, the percentage of applicants admitted was 41.3%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 23.9%. The number of students enrolled in 2022 was 99,862 (37.4% men and 62.6% women).

The map shows the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

The line chart below shows the annual evolution of the indicator by gender.

Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2022 there were 99,862 students enrolled in District of Columbia, 37.4% men and 62.6% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 37,808 records, of which 60.1% were women and 39.9% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

International Relations & Affairs
985 degrees awarded
Other Public Health
345 degrees awarded
General Business Administration & Management
1,672 degrees awarded

In 2022, the most common concentation for Masters Degree recipients in District of Columbia was International Relations & Affairs with 985 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Masters Degree from schools in District of Columbia according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

George Washington University
9,285 degrees awarded
Georgetown University
7,598 degrees awarded
American University
4,493 degrees awarded

In 2022, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was George Washington University with 9,285 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

University

In 2022, 11,513 men were awarded degrees from institutions in District of Columbia, which is 0.619 times less than the 18,604 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2022 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 12,707 degrees mean that there were 2.12 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 5,985 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($41,812) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2022.

Public, 4-year or above ($860) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2022.

Private for-profit, 2-year ($1,400) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Measure

In 2022, 0.966% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 1% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of District of Columbia in 2022 were Graduate Degree (181k), Bachelors Degree (143k), and High School or Equivalent (87.1k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in District of Columbia was $705,000 in 2022, which is 2.5 times larger than the national average of $281,900. Between 2021 and 2022 the median property value increased from $635,900 to $705,000, a 10.9% increase. The homeownership rate in District of Columbia is 41.4%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 64.8%.

People in District of Columbia have an average commute time of 30.5 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in District of Columbia is lower than the national average, with an average of 1 car per household.

In 2022, 20.5% of the population was living with severe housing problems in District of Columbia. From 2018 to 2022, the indicator declined 1.04%.

Housing

Property

$705,000

Median Property Value 2022

±$10,380

$130,865

Median Property Taxes

±$2,849

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In District of Columbia the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in District of Columbia compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

41.4%

Homeownership

2022

69.6%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2022

In 2022, 41.4% of the housing units in District of Columbia were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 41.5%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in District of Columbia compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

District of Columbia, DC

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

The following map shows all of the counties in District of Columbia colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$101,722

Median Household Income

± $1,569

316k

Number of Households

± 4,807

In 2022, the median household income of the 316k households in District of Columbia grew to $101,722 from the previous year's value of $93,547.

The following chart displays the households in District of Columbia distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $200k+ range.

Wage Distribution

0.438

2022 Wage GINI in District of Columbia

0.448

2021 Wage GINI in District of Columbia

In 2022, the income inequality in District of Columbia was 0.438 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 2.32% decline from 2021 to 2022, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for District of Columbia was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in District of Columbia in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in District of Columbia across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2022

Drove Alone (29.7%)
Worked At Home (25%)
Public Transit (24.7%)

In 2022, 29.7% of workers in District of Columbia drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (25%) and those who used public transit to get to work (24.7%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

30.5 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in District of Columbia have a longer commute time (30.5 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.7 minutes). Additionally, 2.07% of the workforce in District of Columbia have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in District of Columbia compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

1 car

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in District of Columbia distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in District of Columbia have 1 car.

Poverty

Severe Housing Problems

In 2022, 20.5% of the population was living with severe housing problems in District of Columbia. From 2018 to 2022, the indicator declined 1.04%.

The map show the severe housing problems rate in the counties of California. The graph underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the percentage of the population living with severe housing problems.

Poverty & Diversity

15.1% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in District of Columbia (98k out of 649k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 18 - 24 and then Males 18 - 24.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in District of Columbia is Black, followed by White and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Children in Poverty

In 2022, 22.3% of the children was living in poverty in District of Columbia. From 2018 to 2022, the indicator declined 5.3%.

The map show the children in poverty rate in the counties of California. The graph underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the percentage of children in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Security

Crimes & Accidents

Indicator

In 2022, the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population was 1.23k in District of Columbia. From 2018 to 2022, the indicator declined 36.9 per 100,000 population.

The following map shows the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population.

The graph underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in District of Columbia.

Health

96.6% of the population of District of Columbia has health coverage, with 53.8% on employee plans, 21.7% on Medicaid, 7.52% on Medicare, 12.5% on non-group plans, and 1.07% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in District of Columbia see 808 patients per year on average, which represents a 4.94% decrease from the previous year (850 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 826 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 179 patients per year.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

808 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in District of Columbia

Primary care physicians in District of Columbia see an average of 808 patients per year. This represents a 4.94% decrease from the previous year (850 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in District of Columbia in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2022, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 20% under 18 years, 30.6% between 18 and 34 years, 37% between 35 and 64 years, and 12.4% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 46.8% were men and 53.2% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

3.41%

Uninsured

53.8%

Employer Coverage

21.7%

Medicaid

7.52%

Medicare

12.5%

Non-Group

1.07%

Military or VA

Between 2021 and 2022, the percent of uninsured citizens in District of Columbia grew by 0.713% from 3.39% to 3.41%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in District of Columbia changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

Health Indicators

Health Outcomes

Indicator

In 2022, the number of deaths among residents under age 18 per 100,000 population was 68.1 in District of Columbia.

The map shows the distribution of the indicator in the counties of District of Columbia and the graphic underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in District of Columbia.

Health Behaviors

Indicator

In 2022, the percentage of the adult population (age 18 and older) that reports a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2 (age-adjusted) was 27.5% in District of Columbia.

The map shows the distribution of the indicator in the counties of District of Columbia and the graphic underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in District of Columbia.

Clinical Care

Indicator

In 2022, the percentage of population under age 65 without health insurance was 4.03% in District of Columbia.

The map shows the distribution of the indicator in the counties of District of Columbia and the graphic underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in District of Columbia.

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