Birmingham, AL

Census Place

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2022 Population

200,431

0.892% 1-year decline

2022 Median Age

35.9

0.829% 1-year decrease

2022 Poverty Rate

26.1%

2.16% 1-year increase

2022 Median Household Income

$42,464

7.77% 1-year growth

2022 Median Property Value

$123,000

19.5% 1-year growth

2022 Employed Population

88,455

1.61% 1-year decline

About

In 2022, Birmingham, AL had a population of 200k people with a median age of 35.9 and a median household income of $42,464. Between 2021 and 2022 the population of Birmingham, AL declined from 202,234 to 200,431, a −0.892% decrease and its median household income grew from $39,403 to $42,464, a 7.77% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Birmingham, AL are Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (68.4%), White (Non-Hispanic) (23.4%), Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (1.82%), Other (Hispanic) (1.6%), and White (Hispanic) (1.49%).

None of the households in Birmingham, AL reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

97% of the residents in Birmingham, AL are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Birmingham, AL are University of Alabama at Birmingham (6,377 degrees awarded in 2022), Jefferson State Community College (1,652 degrees), and Lawson State Community College (609 degrees).

In 2022, the median property value in Birmingham, AL was $123,000, and the homeownership rate was 45.9%.

Most people in Birmingham, AL drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 21.6 minutes. The average car ownership in Birmingham, AL was 2 cars per household.

Photo by Thomas Hawk

United States

Population & Diversity

Birmingham, AL is home to a population of 200k people, from which 97% are citizens. As of 2022, 3.91% of Birmingham, AL residents were born outside of the country (7.84k people).

In 2022, there were 2.93 times more Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) residents (137k people) in Birmingham, AL than any other race or ethnicity. There were 46.9k White (Non-Hispanic) and 3.66k Two+ (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Population & Diversity

Citizenship

97%

2022 Citizenship

97%

2021 Citizenship

As of 2022, 97% of Birmingham, AL residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.5%. In 2021, the percentage of US citizens in Birmingham, AL was 97%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Birmingham, AL compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Birmingham, AL

Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
137k ± 2.63k
White (Non-Hispanic)
46.9k ± 2.06k
Two+ (Non-Hispanic)
3.66k ± 1.33k

4.01%

Hispanic Population

8.04k people

4.01% of the people in Birmingham, AL are hispanic (8.04k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Birmingham, AL as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the Place level, so we are showing data for Alabama.

Most Common Origin

Mexico
45,935 ± 5,238 people
Guatemala
15,043 ± 3,007 people
India
10,012 ± 2,454 people

In 2022, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Alabama was Mexico, the natal country of 45,935 Alabama residents, followed by Guatemala with 15,043 and India with 10,012.

Foreign-Born Population

3.91%

2022 Foreign-Born Population

7.84k people

4.08%

2021 Foreign-Born Population

8.26k people

As of 2022, 3.91% of Birmingham, AL residents (7.84k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.6%. In 2021, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Birmingham, AL was 4.08%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Birmingham, AL compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
3,974 ± 484
Gulf War (2001-)
1,755 ± 471
Gulf War (1990s)
1,415 ± 338

Birmingham, AL has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.26 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

The economy of Birmingham, AL employs 88.5k people. The largest industries in Birmingham, AL are Health Care & Social Assistance (15,475 people), Retail Trade (10,622 people), and Educational Services (8,440 people), and the highest paying industries are Management of Companies & Enterprises ($80,192), Utilities ($78,095), and Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services ($58,538).

Males in Alabama have an average income that is 1.43 times higher than the average income of females, which is $50,264. The income inequality in Alabama (measured using the Gini index) is 0.458, which is lower than than the national average.

Employment

Occupations

88.5k

2022 Value

± 2,718

−1.61%

1 Year decline

± 4.41%

From 2021 to 2022, employment in Birmingham, AL declined at a rate of −1.61%, from 89.9k employees to 88.5k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Birmingham, AL, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (10,013 people), Sales & Related Occupations (8,700 people), and Management Occupations (7,182 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Birmingham, AL.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in the United States (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

88.5k

2022 Value

± 2,718

−1.61%

1 Year decline

± 4.41%

From 2021 to 2022, employment in Birmingham, AL declined at a rate of −1.61%, from 89.9k employees to 88.5k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Birmingham, AL, are Health Care & Social Assistance (15,475 people), Retail Trade (10,622 people), and Educational Services (8,440 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Birmingham, AL, though some of these residents may live in Birmingham, AL and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$37,316

Median earning men ± $1,805

$32,010

Median earning women ± $1,632

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2022 are Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($80,114), Public Administration ($56,250), and Information ($47,270).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2022 are Information ($56,591), Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting, & Mining ($53,897), and Public Administration ($50,132).

Civics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Vermont, Oregon, Colorado, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Washington, West Virginia, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming went to Joseph R Biden Jr. with 51.2% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (46.9%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (1.18%).

are the senators currently representing the state of the United States. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming is currently represented by 435 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Birmingham, AL. Showing the available data for Vermont, Oregon, Colorado, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Washington, West Virginia, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.

2020 Election Results

Joseph R Biden Jr. (51.2%)
Democratic Party
Donald J. Trump (46.9%)
Republican Party
Jo Jorgensen (1.18%)
Libertarian and Independent Party

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Vermont, Oregon, Colorado, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Washington, West Virginia, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming for each registered party from 1976 to 2020.

Senator Elections

US Senators from the United States

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for the United States.

Senator from N/AN/A

N/AN/A
N/A
N/AN/A
N/A

are the senators currently representing the United States.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in the United States over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representative Elections

US Representatives from Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming have changed over time starting in 2008.

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Education

In 2022, universities in Birmingham, AL awarded 9,364 degrees. The student population of Birmingham, AL in 2022 is skewed towards women, with 12,886 male students and 22,839 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Birmingham, AL are White (5,404 and 60%), followed by Black or African American (2,298 and 25.5%), Asian (473 and 5.25%), and Hispanic or Latino (355 and 3.94%).

The largest universities in Birmingham, AL by number of degrees awarded are University of Alabama at Birmingham (6,377 and 68.1%), Jefferson State Community College (1,652 and 17.6%), and Lawson State Community College (609 and 6.5%).

The most popular majors in Birmingham, AL are Registered Nursing (1,177 and 12.6%), General Studies (606 and 6.47%), and General Business Administration & Management (443 and 4.73%).

The median tuition costs in Birmingham, AL are $20,000 for private four year colleges, and $8,832 and $21,216 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University

Measure

In 2022 in Birmingham, AL, the percentage of applicants admitted was 79.8%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 23.8%. The number of students enrolled in 2022 was 35,725 (36.1% men and 63.9% women).

The line chart shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2022 there were 35,725 students enrolled in Birmingham, AL, 36.1% men and 63.9% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 17,748 records, of which 61.6% were women and 38.4% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

Registered Nursing
362 degrees awarded
General Psychology
256 degrees awarded
General Biological Sciences
160 degrees awarded

In 2022, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Birmingham, AL was Registered Nursing with 362 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Birmingham, AL according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

University of Alabama at Birmingham
6,377 degrees awarded
Jefferson State Community College
1,652 degrees awarded
Lawson State Community College
609 degrees awarded

In 2022, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was University of Alabama at Birmingham with 6,377 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

University

In 2022, 3,357 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Birmingham, AL, which is 0.559 times less than the 6,007 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2022 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 5,404 degrees mean that there were 2.35 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 2,298 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($20,000) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2022.

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($1,250) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2022.

Public, 2-year ($1,926) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.

Measure

In 2022, 0.905% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 0.822% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population in 2022 were High School or Equivalent (1.23M), Some college (913k), and Secondary Education (625k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Birmingham, AL was $123,000 in 2022, which is 0.436 times smaller than the national average of $281,900. Between 2021 and 2022 the median property value increased from $102,900 to $123,000, a 19.5% increase. The homeownership rate in Birmingham, AL is 45.9%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 64.8%.

People in Birmingham, AL have an average commute time of 21.6 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Birmingham, AL is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Median household income in Birmingham, AL is $42,464. In 2022, the place with the highest median household income in Birmingham, AL was Census Tract 129.11 with a value of $175,156, followed by Census Tract 127.03 and Census Tract 108.01, with respective values of $175,034 and $124,849.

Housing

Property

$123,000

Median Property Value 2022

±$5,960

$39,033

Median Property Taxes

±$1,688

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Birmingham, AL the largest share of households pay taxes in the < $800 range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Birmingham, AL compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

45.9%

Homeownership

2022

64.7%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2022

In 2022, 45.9% of the housing units in Birmingham, AL were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 45.8%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Birmingham, AL compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

Census Tract 129.11
Census Tract 127.03
Census Tract 108.01

In 2022, the place with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Birmingham, AL was Census Tract 129.11 with a value of $175,156, followed by Census Tract 127.03 and Census Tract 108.01, with respective values of $175,034 and $124,849.

The following map shows all of the places in Birmingham, AL colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$42,464

Median Household Income

± $1,814

85k

Number of Households

± 2,510

In 2022, the median household income of the 85k households in Birmingham, AL grew to $42,464 from the previous year's value of $39,403.

The following chart displays the households in Birmingham, AL distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the < $10k range.

Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Birmingham, AL is from Alabama.

0.458

2022 Wage GINI in Alabama

0.458

2021 Wage GINI in Alabama

In 2022, the income inequality in Alabama was 0.458 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.0777% growth from 2021 to 2022, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for Alabama was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Alabama in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Alabama across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2022

Drove Alone (75.9%)
Carpooled (9.4%)
Worked At Home (7.59%)

In 2022, 75.9% of workers in Birmingham, AL drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (9.4%) and those who worked at home (7.59%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

21.6 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Birmingham, AL have a shorter commute time (21.6 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.7 minutes). Additionally, 1.28% of the workforce in Birmingham, AL have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Birmingham, AL compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Birmingham, AL distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Birmingham, AL have 2 cars.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

26.1% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Birmingham, AL (49.9k out of 191k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 18 - 24 and then Females 55 - 64.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Birmingham, AL is Black, followed by White and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Health

87.5% of the population of Birmingham, AL has health coverage, with 36% on employee plans, 25.5% on Medicaid, 11.8% on Medicare, 12.2% on non-group plans, and 1.97% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Jefferson County, AL see 875 patients per year on average, which represents a 1.8% decrease from the previous year (891 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1107 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 443 patients per year.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the country level. Showing data for Jefferson County, AL.

875 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Jefferson County, AL

Primary care physicians in Jefferson County, AL see an average of 875 patients per year. This represents a 1.8% decrease from the previous year (891 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Jefferson County, AL in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2022, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 21.6% under 18 years, 27.4% between 18 and 34 years, 35.2% between 35 and 64 years, and 15.8% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 45.2% were men and 54.8% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

12.5%

Uninsured

36%

Employer Coverage

25.5%

Medicaid

11.8%

Medicare

12.2%

Non-Group

1.97%

Military or VA

Between 2021 and 2022, the percent of uninsured citizens in Birmingham, AL declined by 2.71% from 12.9% to 12.5%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Birmingham, AL changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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